Organic Chemistry Equation - Isomerism Equation

Organic Chemistry Equation - Isomerism EquationThe Organic Chemistry Tutor isomerism equation is used in the study of organic chemistry. It allows for a direct comparison between any two chemicals without needing to understand them or the processes they are used in. The equation, however, can be found in the college textbooks. Here is a short guide to the equation and the application of it to organic chemistry.One way of understanding the equation is that each chemical is made up of two atoms and one atom with one electron. Every other element and atom, including oxygen, have one electron. One of the atoms in an element has an extra electron and it is considered 'inert' because it cannot be used in chemical reactions. One of the atoms in an atom with an extra electron is called 'isomer' and it cannot be used in chemical reactions either. This is the basis of the equation.If the isomerism is greater than one then that is the formula for the value of the term isomerism. If the isomeris m is less than one then the value of isomerism will equal to zero. Therefore, the term isomerism equals to zero if the isomerism is greater than one. However, the opposite is true. Therefore, the equation is one of least one isomerism when the isomerism is less than one.This equation can be understood in several ways. First, the student can use it to find the equal mass formula. Second, the student can use it to find the Coulomb stress and rate constants. Third, the student can use it to find the kinetic energy and potential energy. Fourth, the student can use it to find the internal energy of the molecule. Fifth, the student can use it to calculate the mass of the molecule and compare it to that of the system of the molecules.The organic chemistry tutor isomerism The application of this equation can be done in many ways. The first way is to use it to calculate the overall mass and volume of the chemical system. Second, the student can use it to determine the molar mass and determi ne the molecular weight of the molecules involved in the chemical reaction.The second way of applying the equation is to do an analytical study of the compounds in organic chemistry. Third, the student can do a research study to find out more about the nature of a compound. Fourth, the student can use it to test and improve the answer of a question. Finally, the student can use it to develop an organic chemistry exercise. The exercise helps the student to find the value of the isomerism and also to find the equilibrium between two molecules and their components.It is important to remember that the organic chemistry equations are not developed in a vacuum. These equations are developed by using facts found in the textbooks, supplementary materials, the problem sets and by conducting research studies.

Applying for University

Applying for University Preparing your application for university? Here at Tutorfair we are here to support you with your next big step! Completing  your application   With over 37,000 courses on offer through the UCAS system alone putting together an application for university can feel exceedingly overwhelming. However, it's important you choose a subject that you will enjoy and presents the best opportunities for you. To find out more about each course, why not have a look at what modules you'll be taking and what the course entails. Looking for tips on university applications? Ex-deputy Headmistress Sarah C has written a blog post with her top tips on how to apply for university, which includes some great resources that will help with your application! Make note of key dates To ensure you don't miss out on applying to your top choice, ensure you make a note of application deadlines and other requirements. For the majority of courses the application deadline is on 15 January 2020. However, for some subjects such as medicine, veterinary medicine/ science and dentistry, or for some universities such as Oxford and Cambridge, applications are required in October 2019. For more advice on studying a degree at university, college or a conservatoire you can visit the UCAS website. It is never too late to seek out some extra help. Here at Tutorfair we have a host of fantastic tutors who offer tuition in various subjects at university level.

Active Teaching is the new way ahead for teachers - ALOHA Mind Math

Active Teaching is the new way ahead for teachers Earlier teaching seemed to be everyone’s cup of tea and was mainly limited to transferring knowledge from someone who had read well and or majored in that area. I remember a quote from Albert Camus: “Some people talk in their sleep. Lecturers talk while other people sleep.” Teaching now doesn’t limit to sharing knowledge, reading concepts, clearing doubts and testing the student finally. It goes well beyond all this. Do you agree? Responsibility of a teacher has taken a huge leap in today’s education system. Information comes from everywhere now. With the resources available online teachers are compelled to explore alternatives and get better .They now not only need to teach the subject based on a set curriculum but they also need to act as an architect and plan ahead. They feel that the traditional methods no longer suits the current generation of students. Teachers now see a need to find an alternative way to connect with students and make sure that the matter delivered is well absorbed by them. The communication between a teacher and a student has taken a different shape now with the existence of laptops and the internet. The use of blogs, video lectures and teacher-student portals have become increasingly popular platforms of communications. A teacher now needs to adapt to methods of teaching that create a learning environment that encourages positive social interactions, active engagement in learning, and self-motivation. Moving a step ahead teachers now have also begun to share their lecture notes before class, after which the students need to upload their questions onto the website followed by a class discussion with the use of pictures, articles which serve as examples and active group discussion amongst the students making the classroom scenario as real as possible. These are few of the new techniques used by teachers to create a learning experience which makes various aspects of a subject matter meaningful for students. Active teaching deeply engages the students in the learning/teaching endeavor by turning students into the real problem solvers. Which makes classroom learning as a real social experience? Share your thoughts with me if you think it does.

Europe and the American Presidential Election

Europe and the American Presidential Election Photo by Sean MacEntee on flickr.com Europeans, and people all over the world, care much more about our elections than you may be aware of. Despite claims that the United States is losing its status as a global superpower, our government still has a large amount of political weight to throw around. The United States military is the largest in the world, our economy is one to be reckoned with, and numerous countries depend on us for support. Europeans recognize this, and also genuinely care about our domestic well-being, too. Newspaper covers here in Germany regularly show photos of Obama and Romney after debates and nearly everyone is talking about who will win. I was discussing the election with a Frenchman one time and he told me that I was very lucky to get to vote for the American president. I told him I hadnt thought of it that way before but I agreed. He went on to point out that millions of people depend on the decision about who will lead the United States, as an individual voter I had more power than most people across the world. I would like to remind everyone back in the states how lucky we are. Whether you consider yourself a Republican or a Democrat, want a third party candidate to win, or dont really like any of them, the global community cares what you think. So get out and vote, because the world depends on it.

The 6 Official UN Languages and What You Can Do with Them

The 6 Official UN Languages and What You Can Do with Them People interested in languages also tend to be people interested in the international scene.And as people interested in the international scene, the UN tends to be seen as a  softly lit castle glistening on the top of a far off hillside.Its the gold standard not only of diplomacy but of linguistic skills. If you can make it here, you can make it anywhere.Its  impressive in scale.  Its home to elite officials.And, for many of us, it  feels like were about as likely to gain access  (that is, real access) to it as a medieval peasant was to gain access to the kings throne.  But this is precisely why it holds such an attraction.Of course, the UN isnt full of people running around like chickens with their heads cut off, madly trying to translate a single speech into the roughly 6,500 languages of the world. No, instead there are just a handful of languages that everyone uses as diplomatic tools to get their messages across. What are the 6 official languages of the United Nations?As you m ost likely already gleaned from the title of this article, there are in fact six languages used officially at the United Nations: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.For the most part, these languages being the official ones makes sense, since they include some of the most widely spoken languages in the world. However, theres also a clear political history behind the choice of these six languages.In 1946, just following the establishment of the UN, all of the current official languages except Arabic were adopted as official languages, and English and French were adopted as working languages.There are a couple things to unpack here. First of all, besides Spanish, all of these languages can be matched directly to permanent members of the Security Council who hold veto power (the U.S., Britain, China, Russia and France), which is to say that the languages that became official languages were the languages of the most politically influential and powerful nations in post -war period. Presumably Spanish was included because its the second most spoken language in the world by native speakers, though more detail than this is hard to come by.The second thing to notice here is that only English and French were included as  working languages  of both the General Assembly and the Security Council. The difference is that working languages are the languages of day-to-day professional exchanges  while the official languages are the languages in which  all official documents must be written.The other official languages of the UN were also gradually introduced as working languages to the General Assembly and Security Council, often coinciding with major political happenings. Russian became a working language of both the assembly and the council in 1968 and 1969 following the declaration of the Brezhnev Doctrine, a doctrine that asserted the right of the Soviet Union to intervene abroad, in November of 68.A few years later, Chinese also achieved the status of a working language, following on the heels of the Peoples Republic of China  being recognized as a permanent member of the Security Council and Richard Nixons visit to China in 1972 to ease tensions with the communist country.Arabic meanwhile managed to negotiate its way to being an official language by having the Arabic-speaking members of the UN agree to pay the costs of introducing the language for three years.What about all of the other languages?Okay, so maybe there are only six languages at the UN, but theyre such common and geographically diverse languages that most people in the world will speak at least one of them anyways, right? Not quite.If we look at a list of the total speakers for each of the six official languages  and add them up to get a rough estimate well see that UN official languages account for  less than half of the worlds population. Less than half of the people in the world can understand the documents and agreements being issued from the highest internationa l political body in the world.With half of the worlds population still out of the loop you would think there would be some push back. And there is.Hindi may be the most likely to gain status in the near future. With the fifth largest number of total speakers in the world, just ahead of Russian, it makes sense on paper. For those of a practical bent, money is also no obstacle as the Indian government has declared its willingness to cover the necessary expenses. The main reason for it not being included up to this point seems to be the relative isolation of the language, restricted as it is to the Indian subcontinent. One might be prone to believe that this is just a political exercise to extend Indias growing influence since the general impression of India is that its people have a high level of English fluency, but it has been reported that a full 72 percent of men and 83 percent of women in India speak no English whatsoever.Running down the list of possible candidates, theres also Bengali with 250 million speakers worldwide (and official support from West Bengal), Portuguese  (whose total number of speakers is sandwiched between Russian and Bengali and is more geographically diverse than either of these) and Turkish, though in this case theres only a vague desire to be a UN language rather than any coherent push towards official language status.Even the inclusion of all of these languages would still leave a broad swath of the worlds population outside of the scope of the official UN languages, but the inclusion of any one of them would  significantly change who has access to the primary documents of the UN.Become a UN linguist with your language skillsAll this talk of languages is great, of course, but why does it matter to you? Because this could be your job.To acquire a prized position among translators and interpreters youll first have to pass one of the UNs language competitive language examinations.  If you apply and manage to make it through the proces s, which takes several months, youll be put on a list and called up whenever they need someone to fill a position.However, this is just the general outline for applying to language-related positions. The specific job type that you end up targeting will determine any other requirements. For instance, if you want to be an interpreter of French, English Spanish or Russian you have to know not one but two other languages fairly well. Then on top of that there are the other formidable demands that are placed on UN interpreters, such as being able to translate subject matter on topics as diverse as finance and human rights on demand with little or no hesitation.And if you think translation (that is, translating the written word) might be easier since theres less pressure, just remember that translated documents are often cited by the media or incorporated into legislation. Not that this is a bad thing. Many of us would love to have that level of civic involvement and influence. But transl ation at the UN is certainly not for the faint of heart.If youve got the chutzpah to try out for the UN linguist team but you want to get your foot in the door first, consider participating in one of their internship programs.  Ability only goes so far sometimes and getting your dream job may be easier when you know a few people.Or become a language instructorMaybe youre not the greatest foreign language speaker. Native English speakers are notorious for being slow to pick up other languages and it certainly doesnt help that English is so widespread across the globe. If this is you, then take heart. Theres another way.When most native English speakers decide they want to travel around for a year or two or three, often times they choose to take up teaching English. Being such a global language, English is in demand just about everywhere. What most people dont consider is making this into an actual career path. Your adventurous summer of teaching in Italy, Thailand or Brazil could eas ily become the foundation of something much bigger.At the UN, language teachers are required to have  at least five years of experience along with an advanced degree related to language learning or linguistics.  Sure, that might sound like a lot, but you could spend those five years teaching in two or three different countries while you soak up the culture. And, of course, there would be few places better to actualize a desire to be an amazing teacher of English than the halls of the UN.If youre interested in the specifics of how people get to become language instructors at the UN,  take a look at some of these instructor profiles and see how they got started.And then enjoy the perksTo survive in the top-tier work environment of the UN, one undoubtedly needs to intrinsically enjoy ones job, whether as a language instructor or as a linguist. But if youre willing to weather some of the rougher aspects of the trade then youll have some nice goodies coming your way too.For starters, lin guists (which is to say translators and interpreters) are often able to enjoy the flexibility of freelance work while participating in a significant way in  international efforts at cooperation. Not to mention, youll get to learn some of the less common dialects of your chosen languages as you keep in contact with people from around the world.Then theres the continued opportunity to live abroad. While many people often picture the UN headquarters in New York City when they think of the UN, there are also UN offices in Geneva, Austria and Nairobi as well as regional commissions in Bangkok, Beirut, Santiago and Addis Ababa. Still not adventurous enough for you? As actual UN job postings indicate, theres always the potential for something more challenging (for instance, teaching English in Afghanistan).But of course, someone whos so strongly motivated by success and achievement that theyd want to work at the UN might not want to stop at working as an English teacher or linguist. Thankf ully, these jobs can serve as a springboard to something even greater. Although theres a requirement that one work for at least five years in the job youre hired for, either as a linguist or a teacher, after that period the path upward is wide open.The UN, that flaming beacon of internationalism and gold standard of linguistic skills, is not so far off or so impenetrable as the castle was for the peasant.Lay out a clear path, start your studying and youll be walking the UN hallways before you know it.

Financially struggling Universities to be bailed out - Tutor Hunt Blog

Financially struggling Universities to be bailed out Financially struggling Universities to be bailed out, says labour Financially struggling Universities to be bailed out, says labourUniversitiesWe have all heard the slogan `Too big to fail` - the assertion that certain institutions, primarily financial ones, are so interconnected and vital to the economy that they must be protected from market forces. Whereas a failing business would go bust, a failing bank will be bailed out. Should universities also fall under this category? Are they, along with banks, not so important to our society that they should be rescued with tax payers money if they are facing closure. Or if they are facing financial hardship should they be left to fall? Under new plans unveiled by Labour it seems that struggling universities could be rescued from going bankrupt, protected from `rampant` market forces. The Office for Students (Ofs) currently has the powers to regulate universities, and is able to offer financial aid - but there are limits to how much fiscal support it will be able to provide. The very idea of a university going bust will be surprising to some, with people being of the opinion that only businesses can go bankrupt, and that universities don`t seem to be structured along such lines as a corporation or commercial outlet. The fact is that, since the higher education sector is effectively a competitive marketplace, universities can certainly fail financially. They have huge overheads: having to cover the salaries of scores, perhaps even hundreds of teachers, lecturers, and other staff members. They will also have maintenance charges, costs for equipment, and may also have to pay rental charges for the buildings and land they use. If these financial obligations are not met, they will go under. Universities are of course in competition with each other - all vying for a customer base that generally only make a single purchase. The marketplace isn`t one where, if you lose the shopper to another company one day, you can entice them with your wares the next: for most students selecting a University is a once in a lifetime decision. Though it is rare for universities to go bankrupt, it is certainly not unheard of, and there are reports that 3 major Universities are on the brink of bankruptcy at this very moment. Chris Skidmore, the Universities minister, has recently stated that `providers may, in a small number of cases, exit the market altogether as a result of strong competition`. We certainly seem to have entered a more uncertain time for universities - the financial stability they enjoyed in the past seems to have gone, a point made by the director of the Higher Education Policy Institute think tank Nick Hillman, who was former adviser to the universities minister Lord Willetts: `A university going bust is more likely than at any other point in the last generation,` There are however some who oppose the protective measures - the shadow education minister Angela Rayner has recently pointed out how the OfS, an institution that one might expect to be steadfast in proposing pecuniary aid to struggling universities, has said it would `not bail out providers in financial difficulty`. Being an opposing party politician, it may come as no surprise that Mrs Rayner went on to critique the conservative party for the current state of higher education in the UK: `The Tories have unleashed a failed free market experiment in higher education. They have created a system that goes to the very heart of their ideology - a system where market logic is imposed on public goods and where the forces of competition run rampant at the expense of students, staff and communities. `Students would be left with immense uncertainty about their futures and entire communities would lose one of their major academic, economic and social institutions. Education is a public good and should be treated as such. Our universities are there for all of us.` There is a general feeling that there`s soon to be a serious review of the state of student finances, and that the financier Philip Augar is going to advocate a cut in tuition fees. An initial annual figure of around 6500 was tentatively proposed, with this rising to 7500 after many universities complained. One thing is certain - if there are reductions ahead, this will mean a significant drop in income for many universities. While many students will celebrate more affordable fees, the long term results may mean many smaller universities will struggle to remain solvent. 12 months ago0Add a Comment

Choosing A Chemistry Tutor

Choosing A Chemistry TutorA chemistry tutor can be a great asset for the students of any college or university in learning about science. The better students get, the more ambitious and knowledgeable they will become in their future careers, like choosing a career as a chemist, a geologist, a paleontologist, an archaeologist, a chemistry engineer, etc.Many college graduates from the United States want to become chemists, biologists, geologists, and other professionals in science. The best way to succeed in this area is to get a college or university with a chemistry tutor who specializes in science, so that he or she will have enough knowledge to choose a better career than one where they would become an average worker.Some universities offer an exam to test a candidate's understanding of chemistry and are called CSUA (College Students of the US A). CSUA tests have many different subjects covered, ranging from chemistry for college students to humanities for high school students, and even tests for other jobs such as psychology.The question and answer section in CSUA are usually very easy and clear. The top few answers are the ones given by the candidates who had actually taken chemistry exams, but the majority of candidates are given an easier course to learn chemistry.The CSUA test is quite similar to an SAT or ACT test. It has been used in the past to screen out those students who are not good enough for the college or university, but can still contribute to their future education and careers.The scores for the CSUA exam are determined by a panel of three professors, and the exam is completed after receiving a score from the last four candidates who took the exam. This is usually the top ten questions, and the highest score in that section will determine the final exam score.One disadvantage of taking a CSUA exam is that it can sometimes be difficult to understand if you have the right level of knowledge and understanding. Other methods such as taking the AP Chemistry exam or getting a chemistry tutor can help students increase their knowledge and level of understanding of chemistry.

Intro to Related Rates Online

Intro to Related Rates OnlineIt can be quite difficult finding a suitable organic chemistry tutor for your needs, and one of the best ways to find one is to find an intro to related rates online. There are various types of people that offer this service and there are some advantages that you can get.There are a lot of options available in this field, and the first thing that you should know is that you will get very good quality study materials. These courses can be used for the purpose of improving one's grades or they can be used for the purpose of a graduate degree. You have to understand the advantage of this option and then use it to your benefit.Once you get this kind of instructor, you can use different companies to get yourself enrolled in the course. This will depend on the quality of courses that you want to take. There are some courses that come with a fee and some that do not. This will depend on the type of schools that you want to attend, or how much money you are willi ng to spend.If you are going to spend your money for a specific school, then you will have to spend more because the teachers will get higher salaries. But if you are going to take a few classes at the free schools, then you can save a lot of money.The advantage that you get by taking a particular organic chemistry tutor is that you can interact with him. You will also have the benefit of using his knowledge in your studies. As long as you spend your time on studying, you can have the time for interacting with him.Since you are also the teacher, you can teach him your own methods or techniques in teaching. You will get the opportunity to form more relationships with him, which is always beneficial to both of you. The only downside is that you can't use your teaching skills in the classroom because of certain rules in the schools, but you can still learn from him.A particular organic chemistry tutor will give you a sense of accomplishment when you learn something new in the course. H e will also help you find a job after you graduate, so you can benefit a lot from having him as your teacher.

Un, Le, Ce, or De French Articles Explained

Un, Le, Ce, or De French Articles Explained Megan L. As an English speaker learning  French, articles are little words that can still give you big problems. Since French nouns are masculine, feminine, and plural and have different articles to distinguish them, you will need to memorize at least two French articles for each English one. To help you master French articles, weve broken them down into groups for you to study. Basics The first thing you need to learn are the English articles so that you can get a better understanding of what to use in French. There are really only two English articles: The â€" definite article A/An â€" indefinite article French articles (like most languages outside of Germanic ones) use other words as articles, and even allow you to omit articles from time to time. The following are considered French articles, although their function is largely the same as in English. Because you have to be aware of the gender of a noun, you have to treat these words the save as an article. Some Partitive article This Finally, there are special cases where you either need to use an article where you wouldn’t in English or you can omit an articles where you use an article in English. Article additions and omissions Definite Articles â€" Le, La, and Les (The in French) Probably the most widely used English article is the. You use it all the time without having to think about it because there is only one word in English. It is called a definitive article because the word the denotes something that is specific, such as the chair, the stores, or the moment. Each of these refers to a specific thing or group of things. There are four definite French articles that mean the, and those are the le articles. Each of the definite articles has a specific meaning. Le â€" the masculine definite article. Whenever you see a word preceded by the French article le, that means that the noun is masculine, so if you want to switch to one of the other French articles, you would use the masculine version of the article. La â€" the feminine definite article. All singular feminine nouns are preceded by la. L’ â€" the definite article when the noun starts with a vowel. Les â€" the plural definite article. All plural nouns, regardless of gender, receive the same article, les, to indicate that it is plural. If you have to add the plural indicator (such as s or es) you add les before it. It is a little more difficult to understand the differences if you are a native English speaker because there is no equivalent. English does not have gendered nouns and the language does not differentiate between singular and plural when using the definite article the. This is perhaps why it is most difficult to translate what you know into French with the right use, and it takes a lot of memorization. However, once you memorize the gender of a noun, you can more easily use all of the other French articles. For example, you would say le fils for the son and la fille for the daughter. You would use the corresponding masculine or feminine article for a/an, of, or this. The definite article l’ is similar to the English indefinite article an for the same reason. Saying a apple is difficult, but if you add the letter n it is easier. Both of the French articles for the (la and le) end with vowel sounds that are difficult to flow into another vowel sound, such as enfant (child). The trick is to remember that the French language needs this for their definite articles, not their indefinite articles (the next section). Plural nouns are a little easier because you do not consider gender. Whenever you have a plural noun, you always use les to indicate that you are using the plural form of the word. There is more to know about plurals and les because the French use definite articles at times when English speakers and omit them other times where you would usually omit them. These are covered in the last section. Indefinite Articles â€" Un, Une, and Des (A in French) Indefinite articles are used when you are referring to anything that you would consider generic, such as a chair or an apple. When you say you want an apple, you don’t have a specific one in mind. If you have washed an apple and left it on the counter, you would say you want the apple on the counter instead of one of the apples in the basket or refrigerator. The French have an equivalent version for the indefinite article based on the nouns gender and if it is plural. This means there are three articles to learn. Un â€" the masculine version of the English article a. Une â€" the feminine version of the English article a. Des â€" the plural version, although there is no English equivalent. This one is covered in more depth later in this section. Using un and une is pretty much memorization of each noun gender. For example, Once you learn a nouns gender, it is a simple matter of using un and une correctly. If you read the information on des, you may have been trying to think of a correlation in English and found yourself confused. That’s because as a native English speaker, you do not think of using indefinite articles with plural nouns. You know not to say a chairs or an apples. In English the indefinite article is always singular. The French language has a different set of rules, and so have a corresponding article, which means that it really doesn’t have a direct translation (because English does not use this article with plurals). Of all the French articles, this one is probably among the most difficult because you will naturally try to do a direct translation, which means you will exclude the required des. Partitive Articles â€" De, De La, De L’, and Des (Some in French) Another word that does not have an exact translation, it essentially functions like  to the English word some. It is used whenever you talk about something that can be divided into smaller parts, such as bread or juice. I would like some bread. I would like a glass of juice. The other use for these words is to specify that you do not know the quantity. For example, most of the time you would not each an entire pie, but you probably don’t know example how much. You would say you ate some pie. If you know the amount or are talking about something generic, you would use the or a/an just like English. Otherwise, you would select one of these four partitive articles. De â€" the masculine article for some. De la â€" the feminine article for some. De l’ â€" the article for some when the noun starts with a vowel. Des â€" the article for some for all plural nouns. Note that this is used when the number is not specified. If you have a specific number, you would say the quantity instead of some, such as I ate nine rolls instead of I ate some rolls. Happily, they follow the same rules as the definite articles in terms of use, so once you know how to use the properly, you can more easily discuss portions. Ce, Ceci, Cela, and Ça (This in French) Technically, this is a pronoun, but because it is so closely tied with the article you used in the previous sentence, it is best to discuss it at the same time. The English article this is a rough equivalent for these four pronouns. Do not equate these four articles with gender though because their use is not gender based. Ce â€" roughly English this or it. Primarily you would use this with verb être (to be) or an impersonal expression. When used, in a sentence, it becomes c’est. C’est une bonne idée. â€" That’s a good idea. C’est difficile à faire. â€" It’s hard to do. As the examples show, you can think of it as a contraction with être, just like English uses the contractions that’s and it’s. Ceci and cela â€" the articles are used with all other verbs for the same purpose. Ceci is used in place of this and cela is use in place of that. Whenever the verb être does not appear, you use one of these two articles. You use ceci to indicate something that is close by (this pie or this color). You use cela to indicate something that is further away (that house or that chair). Determine which of the two you would say, then you can do a straight translation for both of these. Ceci peut nous aider. â€" This could help us. Cela me fait plaisir. â€" That makes me happy Je ne veux pas cela, je veux ceci. â€" I don’t want that, I want this. Ça â€" the article used for informal this or that. Unlike the others, it is informal, so you would avoid it in any professional realm or public speaking. Keep in mind that while these look like they would follow the same rules as the articles, the use is completely different. It is perhaps the most closely aligned with their English counterparts, it will take you some time to get accustomed to using them. Omitting and Adding Articles One of the biggest problems with articles is that most languages are not consistent about how they are used. There are a number of instances where you should add the article where you wouldn’t in English. Most nouns require an article. At first it will feel awkward to say  j’aime la glace because its direct translation is I like the ice cream. Similarly, Je n’ai pas mangé beaucoup de tarte mean  I ate a lot of pie. The most difficult will be the use of articles before plural nouns, whether you are using the French articles that are equivalent to a/an or the. Where in English you would say Horses were running in the field, the direct translation from French is The horses were running in the field. Then you have a few cases where you omit the article, and these largely require memorization. Some set expressions do not include articles, and these you must memorize one by one. Articles are not used when specifying what a person’s job is. When you use de (indicating an unspecified number of something, such as many or lots of) you would not use an article afterward. Articles are always difficult to learn in any other western language. It takes time, work, and a considerable amount of memorization, particularly from a non-gendered language like English. It is best to take it slow and learn them one at a time. Because there is some overlap, once you are comfortable  with one set of French articles, you will have an easier time getting accustomed to the others. That is also why you need to really dedicate time to learning whether a noun is masculine or feminine. Do you have any tips for using French articles correctly? Share them in the comments below! Interested in Private Lessons? 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